ÿØÿà JFIF    ÿÛ „ !.%+&8&+/1555$;@;4?.451 4,$,44444444444414444444444444444444444444444444444444ÿÀ  á á" ÿÄ     ÿÄ ?    !1AQaq"2‘¡±ÁðBRbrÑá#‚’¢²3S CñÿÄ   ÿÄ !    !1QAa‘2ÿÚ   ? 5˜Z¯V¦cø)›t/? z¨±>Õ5€¶‹Á¤·¼z¼Ü¬+ñ®v¤¨_ˆR­BFn©—˜ý®ç̝P8gýt·ÉSTŦˆìät?þé¼íìN/Þa)ì–í6ô… Ï¿øÃj´¿KÇü]ÿ ªô¹-eKànëÕHTx}ýSÜ›ÿ ”7Ø×&µ<¦  ¥ÑO¶[Ù¯ä¨ÞÃÿ PZ-¬;#õ|•oaÿ ©CìÞz3˜öː/¤­ñTûIØ}š^ mÓ%ªxˆ¥ÉŸu=Z+ISe¿45™¼u;ú&WØ÷€æßQ™®{|íx*TC“#ZŠìZ§²‹ 6pv…³¿¡äª*áZÐ%ÒOáˆo"x«OHk w±æ+¬V(kMúŸ5Vö«$ ÁrÏbàb57/luR ¸ÑÛj Òµì`Мq­û žICÀÊ•©4€Âcà¨Ï€O´<èÐ:›ù(Ë^L8þ‘ÍÌ#¸Ð_Ì©ÙK(Öz 4¬û+¸;ü’V’84‘¬ÃŽ:[â‡ÔÌáõp¢~§ªlæ£ö{®G>J¼"°‡7¯ÆÉèßû ‹É‹§ÁòÃýâßî ^ƾÙõ‹×óH#«LP½ïX=xÑÍ$|W?•~• îëÔ©ª‹ {ÝT…Kÿ ”hûâá)J*ö˜–ÔU;iÇ€/ ÆþjóZ\ýwØ=Ìm ºèËL9 ýèÆð/¨’¥öo=nË.%Îì ŽÕ¯È|{Oj²ƒE6e/ßdÄõ²Ìâ1O®ò×TsəԸhOMýíMˆ¿¼H˜l²,7Â¥#MF/Úf°Ö½± ¸–dr‹NýÊ íjqx{œÉ ä-È ¦ øÄër¨q°ð †nцýÑÄÆ’mä…n<0È™;ÁÝá¯ÁZƒ7FÀmì­ É&9ˆîéi¶ùN§Y• ÃZãAâ?•‡©‰ , ó¾IŸŠc1 4â&y­&pŠ­6;M À 0¹qç»p.á …ŸÅáK@%6·y6ƒ‰3?”úºŽ‰éX5ªPT §µ!=Mž«Ú½‹ÅgÂSâÉaþÓoö–¯ÁÔìR>5éÿ üs¶ÆUcÌ kÇR ]ÿ ù¬¼«VŽ;Â|‡~¢¦”ÏŰæ {L™Õ°Óv¹ò¸írޡעCÃ!íVÕ {¶»sŒNPg/ "uÕbkm²“$ďå¿é¹§°½æz¯6 †s¿!s–wÚÝ“™Œ °.ûj>·+™Òa…©Œ&rÝÎtÛë긪Ît’LAVp%c Úý[ÄzJ¾ÇàXXç@˜ó<êL]·T˜¾¥1Ó©V‡g´æ½¦Ý@¹óø!_@´ÞâSÁ —S3™•& ]@JHÚý©ZŽ €×æÔr»Áf!‡yÞ4Mv*èÓã_{‘åóUuљØ«Oïé*®EvÑ Œ÷‡U \"㪒ÍK+À 4“M¡ï:0¥5í!'<@î´”>Ç»&Z–ïCCV˜Ì5Šo&îhè.žû |ÓK©h$s6KìŒëã)¹hI¦GïOåóI;ììü#É$Š0…Ææ¥TØ.5­¾gn´ “ÂÖ\:hœ89G)J@„}œ:’Ò{/Š"¦_Æ×7Æ3VÇŠÊa]ÚŒÙ€Ä–=®uÁßâACZƒ§§£ Qnâ:«,×{tyø¬iÛcœÜÄ€H½ÄÍCk´÷šß .W'b¤Íåh]÷€=,Žv×cÚEÚHXJX¶îo¨FÒtèöŸ>ªª6[J®Fµ£sGÁeqõfe\íjÒÐïÄÐGˆe1Ø‹.Ø”‘Ëuø Y­ˆÜ ŽG|zùªüMpDnQWÄ”%JŠ™)â*p@Örš«ÕT2Ð%ˆG#ª„ ·¤!°ŸOTÂT¸aÚ%4&h™LµšØüÐ.F¿²ÐÞ_Ç‚¾ÅÃaÜ÷09Æ q€öy˜v‡85õN÷]¬äѼóS{°_MެúÔ#°Ç¸0åÞè2ëôPcvÆw9®ií1Ä8F™˜à‰´+‰Ik1òÝ7“Ñ×ÒsÝ\x‚h`ÞÑ`ó"|µEcý£n˜h`}GÞ !±ù²Ápü²ß6 0ïi󜵩SÈÇ7˜-ÕURO˜¦´f$ªž-Í6(œ}<„ éc øs]ŽŽ„*—¾ ìdŽ„)méª\¿êÎIg¾ØÞ~I#C/¼¼´EÁÈŽi8“©õådô·>euä ƒ'Ê×लR1ÉJE1ÐAát`t;ÇР%Ý<‡¥„ÍÆ`×Oyó)õiI€ñQaŸ4Ûù\áàaÃÔ¹HÃu¹*k€¦<„e S‡&õÏ B!ŽhüÞ`yj}mªf×\¿ Ç~æ­9‡û\՞Ǖg²1Žû5V7 !àöšm° c`ܬøÇìµÒ'P"?…´Ö,"§^•õލsÔ)6˜sæéÍR¼ ò|Sl”‹7 nPW Gòú÷½§O¯‡„l¡kSÞŒr½PÊ@æ¢pŽ-mÿ #Ÿ˜Àº¶Áä¦;ïÔæ$1££`“Õ>„—·ž)ßð³ñ#Ï Ô$¶œ‰ÊE‹À;÷º ¯«P:Ñ”8–IÊtpÞ3ª“>ê“þës4ò2OÏÕ­±zô†Õ§‰.÷ä¸;¿˜“'œ›žª}«Œ{ª±Ì 9ÔóÞÕ‡0 $íWV3Üì¬ —@kÝ4@¿r¼±½¬™›?øØæ´'Áé®CË3-g$˜ö‡×auÚi´Žp/êÛ æF›Ú2v‹ã¿¿,nB1̨ƃqÞa5͝@&Æû“él÷ \C²½UÍc ¯k×¢U ÖéQå™—-r wô ÞÏ<Ò=&=ÿ Ôê Òêˈt,i—;LîÜ á¸*ÚÃ1$êL•LÍ <É)ýÐà’ ;F™{ƒ™˜€&'}‚ãÄK`¡ÞT@I;®žZóè‚s’7®°›+§O­Åq©é»²9<Ô J ¼9O’HL»Ùïì¸rk¼Ž_ý‘TŸu[²ßÚŒ·ü÷B%¯E ŸÔX5êO´ Ç•€’I0 ÉJX` ñ¹õ%;µŸD‘«´€àwÒ™U ûئžÖö\×®×´8 ½‡ºÐÆÓ§?Àkmœ=;d5*@-ì0F Rªýš[Ü6âö̃ڸr*KA9· u*µæ£?U¸Âêí†8@¦X4 e-ò„0s{ HâUpU?¼mñRa°®a%Ð'tÉ×’\¾ÊÉ]t›h>·(Ë@R¼¡Ãt h}’O÷au<+nT…Ö…MӐ??Óe95 q>í/;&JSû °¯ÊéÞ øƒ*Ã2½Ài&:nôUl=¾¿5eˆ3”ñc|Ú2V”>„»&eE;«ÚäC p¢Û úy 9š[ŒÌx¼擼A&DåÒ¯ˆ¤ÀÌ;"˜ ÏQä¸åhÊ}Ûq«Û0WžÒ|»€ø®öCm5•\ÇÀ§Pe3£]0ÃàLDÉ‰1øªxjgwT‚÷¿LΨK‹›ùs—xˆÜ±µ kæ¸f‰‰ÜGk/LÛØ6d9ò¶ùA{ƒA3š/¬D¬khÓk‰`˜"㯒r¿±Óã jx‡°e}<Ñø\3y:'À•/h½Í€Ç4~g ?Û(¼]v‘ªlKÎâ~?O‚W%{Ì:“'©úNq¾›úo(X’¥¯ˆ nFê{Ç€ü?º'ë ø‹ì Þ09ŒÌç9Æ —ËC`j@ÓÄ(+a‹un¸#ÂꟋ{K`‘ÑÍÍ'à´»/Û,KW;Þ4²þð ï Nm|~fGÏ(…³Ã)«1ö­Õ ¥‡¨©ƒÃ™ü-s=à=U66Ï«Ýc蓦W¹íž®›nÔ%êÇìŒ<#Ü×84ån®Ð ÒåOC` ñânÑs‡¢ç 1õ%Îhì½Ã½® e:ݼUZo™`  ÅZŸŒÊ«ê1ÏÄo$q¹Þ€©ˆhÐÉä¯ñ[!…Ú˜àJ:x2$Íß&PåT£6ç— ‡Í*4Ýšçjÿ ‰É nófÐ ó(L5C•åÆ\rMÒ@ò }y-W}™üýVù—ú¢=Ù”c®‘< M ž ´Phr ¦©TD ‘ù.$´÷O‡‘V2Æò.=IUŒ=ž‡â¬i™aþÓåÙ?òUø'ØÖ•.~* šTŒ!•-×áºTâ®ä#õü'´ eýlYÅÓeÕKÂrT"CÚ@u!Óxƒ{š3€}1¿(r}%«nËamjÑ%ÑNEò v ˜à  σöK³,*º.àzù¨™Ó ÚçâU¦*¿ 9{%Ö¹ njûdaXöb) kÛÆ±ûÓ\°M7ˆÂ=û›ç¿Ã‚­V»Cg–8ÙêE- j)k$º`Ã-ùEýeBÆÇ]c¡°ñty&Òd0nõ'¡W+ƒ*|–øµFa\GQªEAÔp5\Ǽ·¼Ç8·õ -â§Ú[ ‡ uZeÖ 3}×d'+¹:ð+K†Û®s!Ï$úe€<Û”x)1»a­¡LC]¸µík…ÚàA»AYº{†ªS[¦5HÒ7ù --,ísòDØ€èk ÞÀîÜ ò@â( ËNˆë›4ô½•/¦o‡€Û7 ê•ÆêòðÜy'Án½µ á˜ݦ ndeo…[ì¶Ê,¥R³Ä=À±—–ß;£™´ñSâ*g§”ïaið‘Jå~™ÓÞ ß³Õ¢»8x埒²52>AÊb&-÷\7´éÄù€T˜,w;3{ï˜k…à¹ÄqÀ«œ{€\ ˆ¾[´¨јr &Úé„Ívˆ±8†¿]|¬ņ4I×pÞS1ÈÖz‰#Ìv‡G!YNògñ:màTz¢Ý1ô©^O=~ë|5Bã™ç•¼µõ•bÆ@úÕS¬ÈŒ#¬zünrŸ û” Z²•èðV"ÁHÚý©wÝ €7¼Ìu1hÑa3Éä û f$o¿É ™Ú›ÝçnpÒ3äÌ3†Í§,Äï]$‰/pê †«À¼¸e9­Æê_C]žƒ·ý·frÁN«, E=›Çq -‰öŒ:aÏ¿±í&£Í:-} 84‘ÿ eƒQÑeëSsuiA ³g㟥ú£?ÿ ʼn*”“÷aühe:ÊWa@ÒÞk±eØ] F Ô—r.åä˜ @ö¥ªZoÐýYL·¥S²G/‡ñ <~*ZÆ´è>JlòàÛÆ½ÿ 窘ìGN¢:I®KšJp/`íIÁÀõ#Ä-€ö­šµŒoF4|ÆQØÆ@Ì|£Ô…¢À{9˜è½Üó›€ôYÒÎYsið;ís¤€à²ˆ‚4qÉVŒI$ ‰"° æµ8cXGjœˏ¡Aâý•ËÜ¢ûï e·çLx']á"oÅÎê3¯Ç—¹”ó0nå‚âg{Œñ> S´˜îè°g238‚ãköÝfÚd´6Ò€;ò÷±¢™¼›º ¢Æ'¥Ðx'e¬ç ]bÈÆV¢ó‹kýBO ðÊâ$Ÿ!×T 3Mýמ žìٍàÌü‘8÷€àæØ8æ©6‰©L´«…oãpð„~Çk‰!ñ;‹”ÛžÍ àž±z Ÿôû øŸÝužÏ;ÿ #|u6™Þ¬ÚˆÐõA4¶â|ôl|Ê2ŽÇ¤ÝÅÇY.<#Aí.k§hóF‚”Y; M½Ö4hŸ4&›­¿tès´%FìL¥£Ãk‰ÇT¤haÁ¤ÚxfÉ`ÑìË›>i 3t‚:,–+^÷´–{Û–Nxi"x‘Ûg î¨>¥Õ܁ùZH,2Û“:8xÊ¢Çí9.É-Ìâã-=çjwµS˜dütžçwýGòú®®ûº_ˆýx$–¡ãøO EÚÛÏ÷R„×w+3£Á£öUMyR²¹âŒ°š›¸Ñãò9§Ó_Dl+Ùßc›úšGÅÌc†Ž!Ko=¶.‘Îÿ c²(2®V mª.ÿ ¹B›¹å ù„öŸSV>™ü¯$y:G¢Z×àøúdî¹û­·ýÇ´:•c LÍõi_‹ö+ÎæGÊè>OŠ•äž´§Þ{X}¨1ÚTc›»Qþ•êô°t¿OP?eæ~É{5]•ÙR£r5†nZ\ã@ &îJõ ¾àC°þV>fé¥/ü5ñÊIº_é5 ;e­h<@ Ä&æÃëE%;X,ÒãÆÞ`Oò¦kŸm#˜!ÀyÄ¢| óLšò¥Ä` ¶R=|ÈCâh5ò3DˆïF†ðÒ#ÅìÛœ?¸yhBãœí ZxßÎÄhºRK„`Þödvײ™ÀÈÑÒgŒuY w³%†ƒÓzõ ÖÏp‚dH®¦A´ù§»ÓÇMæ~)ˆð‡û:ù&Ä •vGD´À n ݇¼Ö8Fö óáà£~Ë¥x`oK|Ä?fxiØü%pìR>éò+Û±éÎ>núlFŤ'tq8LZÏvÃ?„¡ß±È⽆¯³íü@x|PöUäèØã¡ð‚ŒAìÏ"vÍwóŸÍ{ ý0.z È•Ö{,N¡£¡ŸKÕÙž>Ýœþ ÍÀ°<×EA!Å‚D™IúOÍ¡>ôG}Â` ÍßkÜL™Ž Þð™ {IøF²¹òQ3&!ÃÂÞz.d&Ï-sH¸,Ôõ˜ŽP€ 77ˆÝ¼ÊëÜw =cÕ Ú,ØÐ5ÎYÐ)ì´öœgŒ[¤ßv㙑8心>h]§µháYš£²ºÑ.{Ï7Sð•?´~×SÃKýJÛ˜ ™Íäiúu<µX¶1õ^kâçIÑ£sZ4h>j*ÔšD:4­¿_ ÷¸ Õxæÿ ¸?Mù _•­ÊÐ ä ÷ý ÑwL œ­ïnTkÛUÍN©ë:¦fV ¶ÜÔÜMªÅâA½–¿R×TXš-%iTÊT•‡Ù‚JôϐZxWÑè‰f‰òG º ×Õû2aZ7OU3[“×AT–ÞŒ…-‘¤”Ì ì&(ˆ¿­•ƒkï’:ðY¦W‘ Å)“†‘˜³Åtcø˜ñTÂwÚÇ4|üLÇªí–v- qˆèU qPE.†â‘˜µ Æ,ÐÅs]8¾„oúÑ i>ÜxxÈó)ƒ ´æÁâØ$À‰vžŸf$Ž |ãw;ÀÁIJ»b` {¦Ó¤Ú$©YÀ‘n@Óïž«9J¼êG m¤ ܯ¹ÌW4€ÐÒÅÛ‡#褕Ÿn-?í|с¥÷Ú¹¬'´ÞÜ9ÓK `hê£SÄSà?7—Wí_´…óB›»:=Ãïq`<8ñÓŒÑlú2d¬ê³£hÖ[l|$vÝro~'R®‰§°ñmY ͧäP |PUª¹·:3Œ[Û{Xÿ ºâ@‚W–Äé u‚ ¯´*=íή.pûÒdt @G‰¬ s¸ ëÉücr ÞæÑ¨Ê@>¤¢Ö±. Þ'¯°ÌME[YéïĵÂCå½ Ué©Áû'Ê9%eÔðNU”ë‘ÌsD3/®+UI˜9h.WC”빓$#:pz:YÓ ¿xž* ³$Í +$kñAŠ‹†¢ Uê>¸)_š¬÷©ßAÂÔb9ÇU ¯¾á•9¯ÏÏ÷O÷¼¼Fähal1‰3Ì[Ïr•´UCksNÐ] R‘¸¥H+§Šé†c©vÖÞ0iÓ76s†î!§=ß ¼~Ô'°Ãmäoäš³ªøi1úÉ)³yV8 CLÄØÁ‘WYïi€H6ÖÑiámø^ÈY´°Ñ7¥Û*—Ñ©L«Qƒï—Ùrÿ ›£Ð*š¸ˆL©ˆ$ˆ ÷¾D§9È®«qbqC)–ˆïv´çñsÑVT­Ø, <àïºÀO«Jý·õ àfPìð .wFšir´þ’2_Y *Æ€x\« ì€9š@ Ž|F⇥ˆkZ@hÖÄ0t¿-<“‹qµ¾*ZL¤Ú)&BJpÓF5=$„at*Zš$’ÑtdûÝRI1 2މ$€$I$#‰SÞ’Hë¬ï;Á$¡t$’`<(ñÇt)$‡Ð.Êf¢X’Kt=Éé$‚ˆªè¢oÝëòI%Rgcª÷ŠyI%¡‰ÿ !ñ)´õ $¤ Ô’IIGÿÙRead this file first for a brief overview of the new versions of login and passwd. ---Shadow passwords The command `shadowconfig on' will turn on shadow password support. `shadowconfig off' will turn it back off. If you turn on shadow password support, you'll gain the ability to set password ages and expirations with chage(1). NOTE: If you use the nscd package, you may have problems with a slight delay in updating the password information. You may notice this during upgrades of certain packages that try to add a system user and then access the users information immediately afterwards. To avoid this, it is suggested that you stop the nscd daemon before upgrades, then restart it again. ---General configuration Most of the configuration for the shadow utilities is in /etc/login.defs. See login.defs(5). The defaults are quite reasonable. Also see the /etc/pam.d/* files for each program to configure the PAM support. PAM documentation is available in several formats in the libpam-doc package. ---MD5 Encryption This is enabled now using the /etc/pam.d/* files. Examples are given. ---Adding users and groups Though you may add users and groups with the SysV type commands, useradd and groupadd, I recommend you add them with Debian adduser version 3+. adduser gives you more configuration and conforms to the Debian UID and GID allocation. Editing user and group parameters can be done with usermod and groupmod. Removing users and groups can be done with userdel and groupdel. --- Group administration Local group allocation is much easier. With gpasswd(1) you can designate users to administer groups. They can then securely add or remove users from the group. --- What to read next? Read the manpages, the other files in this directory, and the Shadow Password HOWTO (included in the doc-linux package). A large portion of these files deals with getting shadow installed. You can, of course, ignore those parts. Also, the libpam-doc package will go a long way to allowing you to take full advantage of the PAM authentication scheme.